Erythema nodosum - Eritema Nodós
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Apareix com un nòdul eritematós dolorós a la cama.
References
Erythema nodosum és el tipus més comú de paniculitis, caracteritzat per nòduls vermells dolorosos, que es troben principalment a la part inferior de les cames. La seva causa exacta encara es desconeix, però sembla ser el resultat d'una resposta exagerada a diversos desencadenants. Tot i que el seu origen sovint és incert, és essencial descartar altres condicions subjacents abans de diagnosticar primary erythema nodosum. Pot indicar l'aparició de malalties sistèmiques com ara infeccions, inflamacions, càncer o reaccions a la medicació. Els desencadenants habituals inclouen strep infections, tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Behçet's disease, inflammatory bowel disease, certain medications, and pregnancy.
Erythema nodosum is the most common form of panniculitis and is characterized by tender erythematous nodules mainly in the lower limbs on the pretibial area. The exact cause of erythema nodosum is unknown, although it appears to be a hypersensitivity response to a variety of antigenic stimuli. Although the etiology is mostly idiopathic, ruling out an underlying disease is imperative before diagnosing primary erythema nodosum. Erythema nodosum can be the first sign of a systemic disease that is triggered by a large group of processes, such as infections, inflammatory diseases, neoplasia, and/or drugs. The most common identifiable causes are streptococcal infections, primary tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Behçet disease, inflammatory bowel disease, drugs, and pregnancy.
Erythema nodosum is the most common form of panniculitis and is characterized by tender erythematous nodules mainly in the lower limbs on the pretibial area. The exact cause of erythema nodosum is unknown, although it appears to be a hypersensitivity response to a variety of antigenic stimuli. Although the etiology is mostly idiopathic, ruling out an underlying disease is imperative before diagnosing primary erythema nodosum. Erythema nodosum can be the first sign of a systemic disease that is triggered by a large group of processes, such as infections, inflammatory diseases, neoplasia, and/or drugs. The most common identifiable causes are streptococcal infections, primary tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Behçet disease, inflammatory bowel disease, drugs, and pregnancy.
Panniculitis es refereix a un conjunt divers de condicions inflamatòries que afecten el teixit gras sota la pell. Aquestes condicions són poc freqüents en nens. Panniculitis pot ser el problema principal en una afecció sistèmica o una reacció secundària a factors com la infecció, lesions o determinats medicaments. Independentment de la causa, la majoria dels tipus de panniculitis mostren símptomes similars, inclosos nòduls vermells i dolorosos sota la pell.
Panniculitides form a heterogenous group of inflammatory diseases that involve the subcutaneous adipose tissue. These disorders are rare in children and have many aetiologies. As in adults, the panniculitis can be the primary process in a systemic disorder or a secondary process that results from infection, trauma or exposure to medication. Some types of panniculitis are seen more commonly or exclusively in children, and several new entities have been described in recent years. Most types of panniculitis have the same clinical presentation (regardless of the aetiology), with tender, erythematous subcutaneous nodules.
Panniculitides form a heterogenous group of inflammatory diseases that involve the subcutaneous adipose tissue. These disorders are rare in children and have many aetiologies. As in adults, the panniculitis can be the primary process in a systemic disorder or a secondary process that results from infection, trauma or exposure to medication. Some types of panniculitis are seen more commonly or exclusively in children, and several new entities have been described in recent years. Most types of panniculitis have the same clinical presentation (regardless of the aetiology), with tender, erythematous subcutaneous nodules.
Panniculitis , una inflamació de la capa de greix sota la pell, és una afecció poc freqüent que sol mostrar-se com a nòduls o pegats inflats. Erythema nodosum (EN) és el tipus més comú, sovint provocat per diversos factors. Tot i que al voltant del 55% dels casos no tenen una causa clara, els desencadenants comuns inclouen infeccions, medicaments, certes malalties com la sarcoïdosi i la malaltia inflamatòria intestinal, l'embaràs i el càncer. EN generalment apareix en adolescents i adults joves, més sovint en dones. Sovint va precedit d'una sensació general de malaltia que dura d'una a tres setmanes, amb símptomes com febre i problemes respiratoris superiors. Aleshores, apareixen nòduls vermells, generalment als costats exteriors de braços i cames, que provoquen dolor. La causa exacta de l'EN no s'entén del tot, però es creu que implica complexos immunes en petits vasos sanguinis de la capa de greix, que provoca inflamació. Normalment, una biòpsia mostra inflamació a la capa de greix sense danys als vasos sanguinis. Fins i tot sense un tractament específic per a la causa subjacent, l'EN sovint es resol per si sola. Per tant, la majoria dels pacients només necessiten atenció de suport per als seus símptomes.
Panniculitis, an inflammation of the fat layer under the skin, is a rare condition usually showing up as swollen nodules or patches. Erythema nodosum (EN) is the most common type, often triggered by various factors. While around 55% of cases have no clear cause, common triggers include infections, medications, certain diseases like sarcoidosis and inflammatory bowel disease, pregnancy, and cancer. EN usually appears in teens and young adults, more often in females. It's often preceded by a general feeling of illness lasting one to three weeks, with symptoms like fever and upper respiratory issues. Then, red nodules appear, usually on the outer sides of arms and legs, causing pain. EN's exact cause isn't fully understood, but it's believed to involve immune complexes in small blood vessels of the fat layer, leading to inflammation. Typically, a biopsy shows inflammation in the fat layer without damage to blood vessels. Even without specific treatment for the underlying cause, EN often resolves on its own. So, most patients need only supportive care for their symptoms.
Panniculitis, an inflammation of the fat layer under the skin, is a rare condition usually showing up as swollen nodules or patches. Erythema nodosum (EN) is the most common type, often triggered by various factors. While around 55% of cases have no clear cause, common triggers include infections, medications, certain diseases like sarcoidosis and inflammatory bowel disease, pregnancy, and cancer. EN usually appears in teens and young adults, more often in females. It's often preceded by a general feeling of illness lasting one to three weeks, with symptoms like fever and upper respiratory issues. Then, red nodules appear, usually on the outer sides of arms and legs, causing pain. EN's exact cause isn't fully understood, but it's believed to involve immune complexes in small blood vessels of the fat layer, leading to inflammation. Typically, a biopsy shows inflammation in the fat layer without damage to blood vessels. Even without specific treatment for the underlying cause, EN often resolves on its own. So, most patients need only supportive care for their symptoms.
L'eritema nodos es diagnostica clínicament. Es pot fer una biòpsia i examinar-se microscòpicament per confirmar un diagnòstic incert. S'ha de fer una radiografia de tòrax per descartar malalties pulmonars, en particular sarcoïdosi i tuberculosi.